Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Vol 21,
Issue 2,2023
Online ISSN: 1459-0263
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Heavy metal contamination of fish with relation to water quality of Narmada River, Madhya Pradesh
Author(s):
Shobharam Waskel,
Meenakshi SolankiRecieved Date: 2023-01-18, Accepted Date: 2023-03-28
Abstract:The Narmada also called Rewa is the third holy and fifth largest west flowing river of India and biggest west flowing river of the state Madhya Pradesh. The river takes its origin from Maikal hillocks from eastern highlands of Vidhyas ranges near Amarkantak, district Shahdol (M. P.) at an elevation of 1051 m. Optimum fish production is greatly dependent on the physical, chemical and biological qualities of water. Hence, successful fish management requires an in-depth understanding of water quality. A study to assess heavy metal (Cr, Cd, Mn, Pb and Zn) contamination and physicochemical parameters of water samples from four selected stations in Narmada River was conducted. The parameters included temperature, pH, salinity, total hardness, electrical conductivity (EC), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD). The results revealed detectable Mn and Zn levels in all the selected sites; with Mn levels in three areas being significantly higher than the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended limit (< 0.500 mg/L). Of the three samples, which showed detectable Cr and Cd levels, concentrations of two exceeded the permissible limits. Pb was below the detection limit in all the samples whilst Cu levels detected in two of the sites were below the permissible limit. The investigated physicochemical parameters had the following ranges: pH 5.8-8.2, BOD 0.3-20 mg/L, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) 26-29 mg/L, EC 73.67-498 μS/cm, total hardness 0.8-5.7 mg/L, salinity 0.03-0.22 psu and COD 2.9-9.7 mg/L. Most of these values were within WHO recommended levels. The findings suggest that regular monitoring of the heavy metal load is necessary to guard against long-term effects of its presence in the water, influencing fish and human uptake.
Keywords:Heavy metals,
physicochemical analysis, chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, Narmada River, bioaccumulationJournal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2023
Volume: 21
Issue: 2
Category: Environment
Pages: 161-165
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