Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Influence of arbuscular mycorrhiza and phosphorus fertilization on the gas exchange status, growth and nutrient contents of soybean (Glycine max L.) plants grown in a sandy loam soil

Author(s):

Gamal M. Abdel-Fattah ^{1, 2*}, Abdul-Wasea A. Asrar ¹, Salem M. Al-Amri ³, Eslam M. Abdel-Salam ¹

Recieved Date: 2013-11-06, Accepted Date: 2014-01-20

Abstract:

A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungus, Glomus constrictum (Trappe) and soil phosphorus on gas exchange parameters (photosynthetic rate “Photo”, stomatal conductance “Cond” and transpiration rate “Trmmol”), growth and nutrition of soybean plants grown in sterilized soil. Two levels of phosphorus fertilizers as KH₂PO₄ (0.0 and 0.5 g kg^-1 soil) were used in these investigations. Addition of soluble phosphate to soil increased all growth parameters, nutrient contents and most of the studied photosynthetic parameters of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal soybean plants. Under two levels of phosphorus fertilizers, mycorrhizal inoculation significantly increased growth responses, nutrient contents (P & N in shoot and root tissues), acid and alkaline phosphates and total soluble proteins in root tissues compared to non-mycorrhizal ones. Those stimulations were related to the level of the mycorrhizal colonization in the root tissues for each treatment. Mycorrhizal soybean plants had significantly higher Photo, Cond and Trmmol than those of non-mycorrhizal plants especially in soil unamended with phosphorus. Increase in the soluble phosphate addition to soil generally reduced the percentage of mycorrhizal colonization levels in soybean root tissues and consequently the mycorrhizal benefits. In general, growth, nutrition and photosynthetic parameters of soybean plants showed a high degree of dependency on mycorrhizal fungus in non-fertilized soil when compared to soil fertilized with phosphorus. This study confirms that AM colonization can improve growth and nutrition of the soybean plant through increasing photosynthetic status in leaves particularly at low soil phosphorus.

Keywords:

Acid and alkaline phosphatases, arbuscular mycorrhiza, gas exchange, growth, nutrition, soybean, protein

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2014
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Category: Agriculture
Pages: 150-156

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