Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Effects of different solvent fractions of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge and Cyperus rotundus L. extracts on herbicidal, fungicidal and insecticidal activities

Author(s):

Se Ji Jang ¹, Gyeong Seon Song ¹, Su Mi Kang ¹, Young Beom Yun ¹, Kuy Ri Kim ¹, Dong Young Shin ¹, Kyu Hwan Hyun ¹, Sang Su Kim ², Seung Koo Yang ³, Yong In Kuk ^{1 *}

Recieved Date: 2015-04-08, Accepted Date: 2015-09-14

Abstract:

This research was carried out to determine the herbicidal, fungicidal and insecticidal effects by different solvent fractions of water extract of Astragalus membranaceus and boiling water extract of Cyperus rotundus. In water extract of A. membranaceus and boiling water extract of C. rotundus, water fractions were higher than other fractions of hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate in inhibition of germination rate, plant height, and root length in barley and cucumber. Plant height and root length in barley and cucumber were inhibited 60-63%, 75-78%, and 76-92% by 1, 3 and 5% water fractions of A. membranaceus extract, respectively. Plant height and root length in barley and cucumber were inhibited 13 - 41%, 28 - 48%, and 66 - 80% by 1, 3, and 5% water fractions of C. rotundus extract, respectively. Plant height and root length of Digitaria sanguinalis, Leptochloa chinensis, Rumex crispus and Artemisia princeps were controlled 100% by 10% water fractions of A. membranaceus or C. rotundus extracts (but not Echinochloa oryzoides). However, there were slight herbicidal effects from foliar treatment in Plantago asiatica, Chenopodium album, R. crispus, and Acalypha australis by 5% and 10% water fractions. Pyricularia oryzae and Phytophthora nicotianae were inhibited 80% by 3% water fractions of A. membranaceus at 3 days after treatment (DAT), but P. oryzae and P. nicotianae were inhibited 98% and 65% by 3% water fraction at 5 DAT, respectively. Botrytis cinerea was inhibited 63% by 3% water fraction of C. rotundus at 3 DAT, but P. oryzae, Colletotrichum coccodes, and B. cinerea were over 50% inhibited by 3% water fractions of C. rotundus at 5 DAT. Tetranychus urticae was controlled over 50% by 5% water fractions of A. membranaceus or C. rotundus. These results mean that extracts of A. membranaceus and C. rotundus can be used for controlling some crop diseases, insects, and weeds in organically produced crops.

Keywords:

Astragalus membranaceus, Cyperus rotundus, disease, insect, organic agriculture, weed

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2015
Volume: 13
Issue: 3&4
Category: Agriculture
Pages: 90-95

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