Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Detection of pesticide residues levels on off season tomato samples, Khartoum State, Sudan

Author(s):

Mohammed El Mobarak Eltoum, Ali Babiker Osman, Manar Fawzi Bani Mfarrej, Abdelelah Mohamed Elhassan

Recieved Date: 2020-08-10, Accepted Date: 2020-09-27

Abstract:

Insect pests control is a major challenge in vegetable production, the use of various insecticides in the management of insect pests over the years has proven effective. However, the use of pesticides in vegetable production comes with various environmental and health issues such as residual effects. Tomato is the most popular and widely grown vegetable in the Sudan, and Khartoum State considered as one of the main consuming area of tomato crop in the Sudan. The study aimed to assess the levels of pesticides residues on 15 off season tomato samples collected randomly from 3 central vegetables markets, including Khartoum, Khartoum North, and Omdurman cities (5 samples/each), and compared with the maximum limits set by the Sudanese Standards and Methodology Organization (SSMO), and Codex Alimentarius. Samples collection and preparation were carried out using standard procedures, and the samples were analyzed for the detection of the pesticide residues. The concentrations of the pesticide residues were determined by gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID) after extraction with acetone in presence of dichloromethane and clean up on solid phase extraction cartridges. The laboratory results indicated that 100% of the samples were polluted by diazinon (6.8-49.6 mg/ kg), malathion (19.3-22.9 mg/kg), ethephon (28.4-50.1 mg/kg) and profenofos (2.5 mg/kg). The pesticide residues measured in tomato samples all of them were above the Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) set by (SSMO), European unit and Codex Alimentarius. The highest level of ethephon residues was detected on tomato samples collected from the Khartoum Central Market only. According to European unit, (SSMO) and Codex, most of detected pesticide levels were found in all off-season samples (diazinon, malathion, ethephon and profenofos). The larger usage of ethephon and profenofos pesticides were found to be used in the off-season periods. The study recommended, that regular monitoring and inspection of the used pesticides in the vegetable sector is highly recommended.

Keywords:

Tomato, pesticide residues, central vegetables markets, Khartoum State, Sudan

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2020
Volume: 18
Issue: 3&4
Category: Environment
Pages: 139-143

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