Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects of β-carotene, extracted from Dunaliella bardawil by milking

Author(s):

Abeer M. Badr ¹*, Effat F. Shabana ², Hoda H. Senousy ², Hend Y. Mohammad ²

Recieved Date: 2014-07-10, Accepted Date: 2014-09-22

Abstract:

Natural β-carotene was continuously extracted from Dunaliella bardawil in a two phase system by milking with the biocompatible solvent dodecane (20% v/v) at 20,000 lux and 170 rpm for 15 days. The β-carotene yield was 23.30 µg/ml at the end of the experiment. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that β-carotene is formed of the two isomers 9-cis and all trans in a ratio of 1.13. We aimed to assess the protective and therapeutic effects of natural β-carotene at various doses (30, 140 and 350 µg/kg) compared with synthetic β-carotene at a fixed dose (350 µg/kg) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory cytokines in CD1 mice, and also to test the cytotoxicity of natural β-carotene on breast cancer (MCF-7) and hepatoma (HepG2) human cell lines in vitro. Pre- and post-treatment of LPS,  low dose (30 µg/kg) of natural β-carotene treatment caused a significant reduction in the levels of interleukin (IL)-1α, interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α compared with LPS-treated control group. Administration of natural β-carotene at dose of 140 µg/kg exhibited a significant decrease in the levels of IL-1α and IFN-γ as protective and IL-1α as therapeutic. In contrast, high dose (350 µg/kg) of natural of β-carotene failed to exert anti-inflammatory effect either in pre or post-treatment. Synthetic β-carotene pretreatment induced protective inhibition of IL-1α and IFN-γ levels while post-treatment had no influence. IC₅₀ of natural β-carotene was 14.58 and 7.44 µg/ml, while  IC₅₀ of doxorubicin was 7.51 and 2.67 µg/ml for HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines, respectively. Hence, natural β-carotene is capable of enhancing anti-inflammatory activity in vivo and is a promising anti-cancer drug.

Keywords:

Dunaliella bardawil, β-carotene, milking, lipopolysaccharides, anti-inflammation, pro-inflammatory cytokines, breast cancer MCF-7 cell line, HepG2 cell line, anti-cancer, acute inflammation

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2014
Volume: 12
Issue: 3&4
Category: Food and Health
Pages: 24-31

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