Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Review of modern strategies to enhance livestock genetic performance: From molecular markers to next-generation sequencing technologies in goats

Author(s):

Muhammad Iqbal Qureshi ¹, Jamal Sabir ¹, Mohamed Mutwakil ¹, Amr Abd Mooti El Hanafy ^{1, 2}*, Hassan El Ashmaoui ^{1, 3}, Hassan Ramadan ^{1, 3}, Yasir Anwar ¹, Mahmoud Abdel Sadek ¹, Mohamed Abou-Alsoud ¹, Kulvinder Singh Saini ¹, Mohamed Morsi Ahmed ^{1, 2}

Recieved Date: 2014-02-11, Accepted Date: 2014-04-09

Abstract:

Domestic goats (Capra hircus) breeding and husbandry practices, once a major revenue generator for the farmer in the developing world, now stands neglected primarily due to economics coupled with the loss of grazing land to agriculture. The putative loss of diverse genetic variability in these animals has necessitated a proper cataloguing to analyse and conserve their genetic pool. While genetic markers for QTL that are linked to the “desired” gene(s) could be further leveraged for selective breeding programmes, the most effective markers would be the functional mutations within these physiologically important genes. Recently, the emergence of next generation sequencing (NGS) technology allowed de novo sequencing of the goat genome, which in turn revived the opportunity of establishing the International Goat Genome Consortium (IGGC), whose objectives were to integrate research efforts at the international level. The collective strategy of utilising whole genome NGS and genome mapping, complemented with Illumina design tools proved to be efficient in designing the GoatSNP50 chip. This review evaluates different aspects of molecular biology from conventional platforms to emerging state of the art NGS and chip technologies with an aim to enhance livestock genetic performace. All these research endeavours and technological advancements are potentially expected to accelerate genomic research in goats.

Keywords:

Domestic goats, functional polymorphisms, molecular markers, next generation sequencing, GoatSNP50

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2014
Volume: 12
Issue: 2
Category: Agriculture
Pages: 752-761

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