Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Reproductive physiology of two wheat cultivars differing in salinity tolerance under dense saline-sodic soil

Author(s):

Mushtaq Ahmad Khan, Zaibunnisa Abdullah ^*

Recieved Date: 2002-10-17, Accepted Date: 2003-08-28

Abstract:

We examined the agro-physiological parameters in two wheat cultivars namely, Faisalabad-85 (sensitive to salinity alone) and LU-26-S (tolerant to salinity alone) at reproductive phase grown under dense saline-sodic soil. Our results showed that there was non-significant effect of salinity-sodicity on chlorophyll a and b concentration and leaf area of both the cultivars. CO₂ assimilation was reduced significantly (P<0.001) in LU-26-S, showing nonsignificant effect in Faisalabad-85. Highly significant (P<0.001) increase in Na⁺ and significant ( P<0.01 and P<0.05) reduction in K⁺ concentration was found in flag leaves of both the cultivars. Pollen viability was reduced 37 % in Faisalabad-85 and 24 % reduction was observed in LU-26-S. Carbohydrate mobilization at the time of anthesis showed significant increase (P<0.01) in spikelets of LU-26-S, whereas it was reduced significantly (P<0.001) at grain filling stage. In Faisalabad-85 no change was observed in carbohydrate concentration of spikelets, ear stalk at anthesis stage but showed significant increase in spikelets and ear stalk (lower) at grainfill stage .Starch synthase activity (α-1-4 glucan-glucosyle transferases, EC 2.4.1.21) was reduced significantly (P<0.001) in developing grains of LU-26-S showing non-significant effect in Faisalabad-85. More seed numbers/plant and less 1000 seed weight was observed in LU-26-S compared to Faisalabad-85 ,where as grain yield was more in later than the former. In present study Faisalabad-85 proved better than LU-26-S under saline sodic soils in terms of mobilization of soluble carbohydrates in different floral parts (especially in spikelets), non-significant effect of salinity-sodicity on starch synthase activity in developing grains and 1000 seed weight, thus resulting in higher grain yield.

Keywords:

Carbohydrate, CO₂ assimilation, leaf area, pollen viability, starch synthase activity, grain filling

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2003
Volume: 1
Issue: 3&4
Category: Agriculture
Pages: 185-189

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