Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Greenhouse gas emissions from rice production in the Philippines based on life-cycle inventory analysis

Author(s):

Elmer G. Bautista ¹, Masanori Saito ^{2 *}

Recieved Date: 2014-09-08, Accepted Date: 2014-12-28

Abstract:

In the Philippines, the latest national inventory of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for rice production has been submitted to the UNFCCC using data of 1994. In the present study, we estimated GHG emissions from rice production in the Philippines—from seedbed preparation to harvesting and threshing—based on 2006–2007 national statistics. Because the rice production area in this country is mostly dichotomized into either irrigated or rainfed areas cultivated twice a year, we used different emission factors for the soil processes in each area. Emissions from farming activities included emissions from fertilizers, agricultural machinery manufacture, and fuel as well as emissions from water buffaloes (carabaos), a draft animal widely used among Philippine rice farmers. We estimated the total GHG emissions from rice production in the Philippines to be 13.3 Tg CO₂ eq. yr^-1, which comprised 3,920 kg CO₂ eq. ha^-1 crop^-1 in irrigated areas and 1,381 kg CO₂ eq. ha^-1 crop^-1 in rainfed areas. These corresponded, respectively, to 0.93 kg CO₂ eq. kg grain^-1 and 0.47 kg CO₂ eq. kg grain^-1. A large proportion of the emissions was derived from soil processes such as CH₄ and N₂O emissions from soil. Emission from carabaos was 50 kg CO₂ eq. ha^-1 irrespective of the water management regime. Emissions from fuel and other farming activities were 140 kg CO₂ eq. ha^-1 crop^-1 in irrigated areas and 111 kg CO₂ eq. ha^-1 crop^-1 in rainfed areas.

Keywords:

GHG emissions, methane, nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, straw burning, straw incorporation, rainfed, irrigation, carabao, hand tractor, life-cycle inventory analysis

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2015
Volume: 13
Issue: 1
Category: Environment
Pages: 139-144

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