Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Influence of different rootstocks on growth and yield of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under the impact of soil-borne pathogens in Jordan

Author(s):

Hmoud S. Al-Debei ¹*, Ibrahim Makhadmeh ², Ibrahim Abu-Al Ruz ²,  Ayed M. Al-Abdallat ¹, Jamal Y. Ayad ¹, Noor Al Amin ¹

Recieved Date: 2012-01-08, Accepted Date: 2012-04-28

Abstract:

Plastic house experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of different cucurbit rootstocks on growth and yield of cucumber under the impact of root-knot nematode. Three cucurbit rootstocks (Strongtosa, Shintosa supreme and Tetsukabuto) were selected to test their graft success rate with cucumber plant and their possible resistance against soil-borne pathogens. Cucumber cultivar Zezia was grafted on these rootstocks either by tongue approach or by top grafting (hole-insertion) methods. The grafted plants were transplanted along with non-grafted plants in greenhouse and their performance was evaluated. Results indicated that plants grafted on Strongtosa, Shintosa supreme and Tetsukabuto had 100% survival rate as compared to non-grafted plants where 32-43% were infected with Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium. On the other hand, graft success rate was 100% from plants grafted on Shintosa supreme and Strongtosa whereas it was 76.66% for plants grafted on Tetsukabuto once top-grafting method was used. In addition, these two rootstocks resulted in more vigorous cucumber plants. For instance, the total dry weight of vegetative parts was 112-123% higher than nongrafted plants in the first season and 131-152% in the second season. The more vigorous growth resulted in higher marketable yield ranging from 37% to 134% of that in non-grafted plants. In addition, both rootstocks showed a significant increase in fruit yield when compared to plants grafted on the Tetsukabuto rootstock. However, Tetsukabuto rootstock showed a higher marketable yield ranged from 22% to 85% than that of non-grafted plants. All plants were severely infested with nematodes with no significant differences in galling index, even though, Strongtosa had the lowest galling index and showed enhanced resistance against the root knot nematode. Therefore, it is recommended to use Strongtosa and Shintosa supreme as rootstocks for “Zezia” cucumber that improves plant vigor and yield, which confer tolerance to root knot nematode.

Keywords:

Cucumis sativus,  grafting, nematode, Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2012
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Category: Agriculture
Pages: 343-349

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