Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Influence of salt stress on cations accumulation, quantity and quality of sunflower cultivars

Author(s):

Elnaz Ebrahimian ^1*, Mohsen Roshdi ², Ahmad Bybordi ³

Recieved Date: 2010-11-28, Accepted Date: 2011-03-26

Abstract:

Salinity is one of the most important environmental stresses that limit agricultural products. Salinity effects on many physiological and morphological processes and finally growth and development of crops. In order to study effect of salinity on some physiological traits and qualitative parameters of five sunflower cultivars, an experiment was conducted in Agriculture Research Centre of East Azarbaijan in 2009. The experimental design was a complete random design arranged factorial with three replications. The first factor consisted of five levels of salinity (control, 50 mM, 100 mM, 150 mM and 200 mM NaCl). Sunflower cultivars, Hisun 33, Armaverski, Mayak, Semena and Record, were allocated to the second factor. Leaf cations (Na, K, Ca, Mg and K:Na ratio) accumulation, biological yield, seed yield, photosynthesis, respiration, oil percentage, fatty acid percentage (linoleic, linolenic and oleic acids) and chlorophyll and proline contents were assayed. The results showed that potassium concentration, K:Na ratio, biological yield, seed yield, oil percentage, photosynthesis, respiration, unsaturated fatty acid percentage and chlorophyll content decreased when NaCl concentration increased. In contrast, salinity increased Na, Ca, Mg and proline accumulation. Among cultivars Hisun 33 had the lowest Na, Ca and Mg contents and the highest K and K:Na when compared with other cultivars. It seems that among sunflower cultivars Hisun 33 was the high efficiency cultivar because the highest seed yield was obtained from this cultivars while Semena was the most sensitive cultivar. In addition, Hisun 33 had higher unsaturated fatty acid and a, b and total chlorophyll contents than other cultivars.

Keywords:

Sunflower, salinity, yield, quantity and quality

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2011
Volume: 9
Issue: 2
Category: Environment
Pages: 469-476

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